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Non-HID keyboards and mice can connect over multiple legacy buses but still use the same class driver. This section contains details on the class drivers themselves. The following sections goes into details on the controllers.
This topic describes the typical physical configuration of keyboard and mouse devices in Microsoft Windows 2000 and later.
The following figures show two common configurations that employ a single keyboard and a single mouse.
The figure on the left shows a keyboard and a mouse connected to a system bus through independent controllers. A typical configuration consists of a PS/2-style keyboard operated through an i8042 controller, and a serial-style mouse operated through a serial port controller.
The following additional information is important for keyboard and mice manufactures:
Class driver features
This topic describes the features of the following Microsoft Windows 2000 and later system class drivers:
Kbdclass implements the Kbdclass service and its executable image is kbdclass.sys.
Mouclass implements the Mouclass service and its executable image is mouclass.sys.
Kbdclass and Mouclass each feature:
Configuration of device objects
The following figure shows the configuration of device objects for a Plug and Play PS/2-style keyboard and mouse device. Each class driver creates an upper-level class filter device object (filter DO) that is attached to a function device object (FDO) through an optional upper-level device filter DO. An upper-level device filter driver creates the upper-level device filter DO. I8042prt creates the function DO and attaches it to a physical device object (PDO) created by the root bus driver.
PS/2 Keyboard
The keyboard driver stack consists of the following.
PS/2 Mouse
The mouse driver stack consists of the following.
Kbdclass and Mouclass can support more than one device in two different modes. In the one-to-one mode, each device has an independent device stack. The class driver creates and attaches an independent class DO to each device stack. Each device stack has its own control state and input buffer. The Microsoft Win32 subsystem accesses input from each device through a unique file object.
In the grandmaster mode, the class driver operates all the devices in the following way:
Kbdclass and Mouclass operate in the one-to-one mode if their registry entry value ConnectMultiplePorts is set to 0x00 (under the key HKLMServicesCurrentControlSet<class service>Parameters, where class service is Kbdclass or Mouclass). Otherwise Kbdclass and Mouclass operate in grandmaster mode.
Open and close via the class driver
The Microsoft Win32 subsystem opens all keyboard and mouse devices for its exclusive use. For each device class, the Win32 subsystem treats input from all the devices as if the input came from a single input device. An application cannot request to receive input from only one particular device.
The Win32 subsystem dynamically opens Plug and Play input devices after it receives notification from the Plug and Play manager that a GUID_CLASS_KEYBOARD or GUID_CLASS_MOUSE device interface is enabled. The Win32 subsystem closes Plug and Play devices after it receives notification that an opened interface is disabled. The Win32 subsystem also opens legacy devices by name (for example, 'DeviceKeyboardLegacyClass0'). Note that once the Win32 subsystem successfully opens a legacy device, it cannot determine if the device is later physically removed.
After Kbdclass and Mouclass receive a create request they do the following for Plug and Play and legacy operation:
Connect a service callback to a device![]()
The class drivers must connect their class service to a device before the device can be opened. The class drivers connect their class service after they attach a class DO to a device stack. The function driver uses the class service callback to transfer input data from a device to the class data queue for the device. The function driver's ISR dispatch completion routine for a device calls the class service callback. Kbdclass provides the class service callback KeyboardClassServiceCallback, and Mouclass provides the class service callback MouseClassServiceCallback.
A vendor can modify the operation of a class service callback by installing an upper-level filter driver for a device. The sample filter driver Kbfiltr defines the KbFilter_ServiceCallback callback, and the sample filter driver Moufiltr defines the MouFilter_ServiceCallback callback. The sample filter service callbacks can be configured to modify the input data that is transferred from the port input buffer for a device to the class data queue. For example, the filter service callback can delete, transform, or insert data.
The class and filter service callbacks are connected in the following way:
The class and filter service callbacks are called in the following way:
Query and set a keyboard device
I8042prt supports the following internal device control requests to query information about a keyboard device, and to set parameters on a keyboard device:
For more information about all keyboard device control requests, see I8042prt Keyboard Internal Device Control Requests.
Scan code mapper for keyboards
In Microsoft Windows operating systems, PS/2-compatible scan codes provided by an input device are converted into virtual keys, which are propagated through the system in the form of Windows messages. If a device produces an incorrect scan code for a certain key, the wrong virtual key message will be sent. This can be fixed by writing a filter driver that analyzes the scan codes generated by firmware and modifies the incorrect scan code to one understood by the system. However, this is a tedious process and can sometimes lead to severe problems, if errors exist in the kernel-level filter driver.
Windows 2000 and Windows XP include a new Scan Code Mapper, which provides a method that allows for mapping of scan codes. The scan code mappings for Windows are stored in the following registry key:
Note There is also a Keyboard Layouts key (notice the plural form) under the Control key, but that key should not be modified.
In the Keyboard Layout key, the Scancode Map value must be added. This value is of type REG_BINARY (little Endian format) and has the data format specified in the following table.
The first and second DWORDS store header information and should be set to all zeroes for the current version of the Scan Code Mapper. The third DWORD entry holds a count of the total number of mappings that follow, including the null terminating mapping. The minimum count would therefore be 1 (no mappings specified). The individual mappings follow the header. Each mapping is one DWORD in length and is divided into two WORD length fields. Each WORD field stores the scan code for a key to be mapped.
Once the map is stored in the registry, the system must be rebooted for the mappings to take effect. Note that if the mapping of a scan code is necessary on a keypress, the step is performed in user mode just before the scan code is converted to a virtual key. Doing this conversion in user mode can present certain limitations, such as mapping not working correctly when running under Terminal Services.
To remove these mappings, remove the Scancode Map registry value and reboot.
Example 1
The following presents an example. To swap the left CTRL key with the CAPS LOCK key, use a registry editor (preferably Regedt32.exe) to modify the Scancode Map key with the following value:
The following table contains these entries broken into DWORD fields and the bytes swapped.
Example 2
It is also possible to add a key not generally available on a keyboard or to remove a key that is never used. The following example shows the value stored in Scancode Map to remove the right CTRL key and change the functionality of the right ALT key to work as a mute key:
The following table contains these entries broken into DWORD fields and the bytes swapped.
After the necessary data is generated, it can be inserted into the registry in several ways.
The Scan Code Mapper has several advantages and disadvantages.
The advantages include:
The following disadvantages are recognized:
Query a mouse device
I8042prt supports the following internal device control request to query information about a mouse device:
For more information about all mouse device control requests, see I8042prt Mouse Internal Device Control Requests.
Ps 2 Driver Windows 10Registry settings associated with mouse class driver
The following is a list of registry keys associated with the mouse class driver.
![]() Logitech Ps/2 Mouse Driver
[Key: HKLMSYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesMouclassParameters]
Download edit pes 2013 update terbaru patch 3.2. Additional details on each specific registry key are available on https://technet.microsoft.com
Absolute pointing devices
For devices of type GUID_CLASS_MOUSE, a device's function driver:
For an absolute pointing device, the device's function driver must set the LastX, LastY, and Flags members of the MOUSE_INPUT_DATA structures in the following way:
The following specifies, by type of device, how these special requirements for an absolute pointing device are implemented:
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